Atom and Atomic Structure

Atom and Atomic Structure

This element it Lithium, the green marshmallows represent the protons, the white marshmallows represent the neutrons, and chocolate chips represent the electrons, the chains represent the different energy levels, and the red represents the nucleus.

This element it Fluorine, the green marshmallows represent the protons, the white marshmallows represent the neutrons, and chocolate chips represent the electrons, the chains represent the different energy levels, and the red represents the nucleus.

This element it Titanium, the green marshmallows represent the protons, the white marshmallows represent the neutrons, and chocolate chips represent the electrons, the chains represent the different energy levels, and the navy blue lid represents the nucleus.

1. What is the atomic number for each of your models?

·         Lithium: 3

·         Fluorine: 9

·         Titanium: 22

2. What is the atomic mass number for each of your models?

·         Lithium: 6.941

·         Fluorine: 18.9984

·         Titanium: 47.88

3. In your models, which two subatomic particles are equal in number?

·         The protons and the elections are equal in number.  They both equal the atomic number.

4. How would you make an isotope for one of your models?  What would change with the model?

·         An isotope can be made by having the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.  I could make an isotope of Fluorine by making the atomic mass 18 instead of 18.9984.  This would keep the protons the same because the atomic number did not change but it would subtract a neutron because the atomic mass went down one.

5. Considering the overall volume of your element models, what makes up most of the volume of an atom?

·         The election cloud makes up most of volume of an atom. Although the nucleus takes up most of the mass.

6. For one of your models, show with another image what happens when energy excites an electron. 

·         I showed Lithium when the energy excites an electron by moving one electron move up a level .

7. Once the electron is excited, what do we typically observe when the electron returns to the ground-state?

·         When an electron in an excited state returns to the ground-state, it emits a photon of energy, which may be observed as light.

8. Why are some elements different colors when they are excited?

·         Different elements produce different colors when they are excited because they all have different amounts of energy with different wavelengths corresponding with different colors.

9. With the Fourth of July coming up quickly, explain how the colors of fireworks arise. 

·         Different elements produce the different colors.  For example Lithium produces red, potassium produces blue, and calcium produces orange. The element gets excited from the heat and then when they are brought back down to their ground state, energy is released producing the different colors.

10.  Explain the overall organizational structure of the periodic table.

·         The overall organizational structure of the periodic table is by the atomic number, but along with the atomic number it is also categorized by groups and periods. Groups contain elements with similar chemical properties, while periods categorize from metallic to nonmetallic.

11. List two example elements for each of these groups or classes: Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth, Halogens, Noble Gases, Transition Metals, Non-Metals, and Metalloids.

·         Alkali Metals: Lithium and Potassium

·         Alkaline Earth: Magnesium and Calcium

·         Halogens: Chlorine and Iodine

·         Noble Gases: Helium and Neon

·         Transition Metals: Iron and Copper

·         Non-Metals: Carbon and Phosphorus

·         Metalloids: Arsenic and Boron